Types
of articles
Article
is generally shorter than a book and its size vary from as short as a paragraph
or two or as long as several dozen pages. Articles are used to provide
up-to-date information on a wide variety of topics. Articles can address any
topic that the author decides to explore and it will reflect opinion, news,
research, reviews, instruction, etc. Articles appear in newspapers, magazines,
journals, and even in books.
Book
Review is usually a brief article that provides an
evaluation and appreciation of a book. A review might assess the importance of
a book's contributions to a particular field of study and it make
recommendations to potential readers. Reviews of fiction will usually comment
on originality, style, and readability.
Journal
is a regularly published collection of articles that focus on topics specific
to a particular academic discipline or profession. Journals might be published
monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually. Journal articles
generally have a substantial length (often more than 10 pages) and usually
reflect research, either surveys of existing research or original research.
Most journal articles have an abstract and extensive documentation. A journal
article will have a survey of existing literature on a topic and proceeds with
the development of new ideas or new research into a topic. Articles are usually
written by experts in their fields, although journals might also publish
letters from their readership commenting on articles that have been published
in previous issues. Journals might also include opinion articles or editorials.
Examples of journals include Journal of the American Medical Association,
Evolutionary Biology, Nature Reviews Microbiology, Microbiology and Molecular
Biology Reviews, Cell Host & Microbe, Annual Review of Microbiology, Trends
in Microbiology, etc.
Magazine
is a regularly published collection of articles that may focus on any topic in
general or on topics of interest to a specific group, such as sports or music,
home decorators, etc. Magazines may be published weekly, monthly or
semi-monthly or weekly. Articles in magazines are typically written for the
general public and do not list references.
These articles are generally written by the magazine's own staff writers.
Magazine articles are easy to read, brief and may include illustrations or
photos. Magazines will contains advertisements as a source of revenue. Examples
of magazines include Time, Newsweek, National Geographic, Yathra, Vogue, Sports
Illustrated, etc.
Newsletter
is a regularly published collection of brief news articles of interest to
members of a particular community. Professional associations might issue
newsletters to keep their members up to date. These are usually internal
publications and nearly any type of organization or society might have its own
newsletter. Articles in newsletters are brief and the entire newsletter will be
only a few pages in length. Examples of newsletters include 401(k) Advisor,
Credit Card Weekly, Education Business Weekly, Student Aid News, etc.
Newspaper
is
a regularly published collection of brief articles that provide updates on
current events and interests. Newspapers are generally published daily, weekly
or bi-weekly. Most major newspapers publish daily, with expanded coverage on
the weekends. Newspapers can be national or international in focus or might be
targeted strictly to a particular community or locality. Newspaper articles are
written largely by newspaper staff and editors and often do not provide
authors' names. Newspapers rely on advertising for a part of their income and
might also include photographs and even full color illustrations of photos. A
common feature of most newspapers is its editorial page, where the editor
express opinions on timely topics and invite their readers to submit their
opinions. Examples of newspapers include New York Times, Times of London, Times
of India, Hindu, Mathrubhumi, Malayala Manorama, etc.
Peer
Reviewed/Refereed Journal: Most academic/scholarly journals
use subject experts or "peers" to review articles before publication.
Reviewers will carefully examine articles to ensure that they meet journal
criteria for subject matter and style. The process ensures that articles are
appropriate to a particular journal and that they are of the highest quality.
Trade
Journal: A regularly published collection of articles that
address topics of interest to members of a particular profession, such as law
enforcement or advertising or banking. Articles will be brief and report on
developments and news within a field. Trade journals also include editorials,
letters to the editor and advertisements that target members of the profession.
Trade journal articles include a short list of references. Examples of trade journals include Police
Chief, Education Digest, Margin, The Economic journal, etc.
Issue
and Volume
Issue is a single, regular publication of
a journal, magazine, newspaper, newsletter, or trade publication. A magazine or
journal that publishes monthly will have twelve issues in a year. News
magazines like Time and Newsweek publish weekly and will have 52 issues in a
year. Newspapers publish daily or weekly. A daily will have 365 issues in a
year. Issues are usually numbered, so a journal that publishes twelve issues in
a year starting with January will number each issue sequentially (issue 1,
January; issue 2, February; issue 3, March; etc.).
Most journals and many magazines,
newsletters, newspapers, and trade publications assign volume numbers to
issues. For example, a journal that publishes four times a year will assign each
yearly issues a volume number. Publications that publish monthly will assign
two volumes in each publishing year.
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Publishing of Articles in newspapers
/newsletters
Newspaper Articles
Newspaper
articles frequently do not give author names. Articles may be obtained from the
various national and international wire services such as Associated Press and
Reuters and may only reference the wire service providing the news article. But
feature stories give author name. For Editorials, newspaper editors are the
authors. Letters to the editors will routinely provide the names of the readers
submitting the letters.
Newspapers
can be published daily, weekly, bi-weekly, or even just on weekends.
Newspaper
articles typically report news on a wide variety of topics, from politics to
science to art and music. Newspapers published in localities will typically
have a section that provides national and international news coverage and
additional sections that focus on local news and interests. Local papers also
typically publish obituaries.
Newspapers
arrange articles on the page in columns. Lead articles will begin on the front
pages of the various newspaper sections and will continue deeper in the paper.
The most important news events typically appear on the front page of the first
section of the paper. Newspapers make extensive use of photographs either from
syndicated sources or from the paper's own staff photographers. Photos are
typically in black and white, however in some sections color photos are also
added. Newspapers are normally printed
on large sheets of newsprint and folded.
Newspapers
will include advertisements throughout the paper and might even have full page
and special insert advertisements. Advertisements imbedded within the paper
itself are typically black and white. Those that are included as special
inserts or supplements may be in color and even on glossy paper.
To
write a newspaper article, first an outline should be set. Review the research
and notes and write down the ideas for the following six sections, headline,
byline, Lead, story line, source and conclusion
Headline
is a brief, noticeable statement about the incident, it should be attractive
and up to the point.
Byline:
Byline is the author’s name. It tells who wrote the story.
Lead
or Lead paragraph has all the who, what, when, where, why and how. The author
needs to find answers to these questions and write the article. The lead is
usually the first paragraph and is written to provide a preview of the entire
story. The lead will help readers decide if they want to read the rest of the
story.
Storyline:
After the lead, well-written story follow that includes facts from the research
and quotes from people who were interviewed. The article should not have our
opinion. Any events should be detailed in chronological order and active voice
should be used in clear, short, direct sentences.
The
most important information is to be given in the opening paragraph followed by
supporting information.
Source
- The sources with information and citations are provided at the bottom of each
page or the end of the story.
Conclusion
is the final information, summary or carefully chosen quote.
The
parts of a newspaper article are Who – Who was involved, What – What happened,
Where – Where did it happen, Why – Why it happened, When – When did it happen
and How – How it happened?
Newsletter Article
Articles
are typically brief and frequently consist of announcements of upcoming events
or brief news items of interest to members of an association or society or club
and authors are not listed. Articles are typically brief, usually consisting of
a few paragraphs each.
Frequency
of publication might be regular or sporadic. Some newsletters might be issued
only as needed.
Newsletters
typically focus on topics that are very specific to a particular organization
or club. News items might include announcements of training opportunities or
upcoming conferences, updates on legislative initiatives, etc.
Newsletters
might be simply word-processed documents or they might be glossy,
professionally published materials.
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Journal
Articles
Journals are typically heavy on text and
light on illustration. Journal covers emphasis on highlighting key research articles
that appear within a particular issue.
Authors of journal articles are usually
affiliated with universities, research institutions, or professional
associations. Detailed information is given after the article title, but author
degrees are usually given.
A journal article will have an Abstract:
The article text is preceded with an abstract. The abstract will provide an
overview of what the article discusses.
The language used in journal articles is
specific to the subject matter being covered by the journal, written in an
academic rather than popular style.
Journal articles normally are highly
documented with sources that have provided information to the authors and/or
that provide further related information. Documentation of sources can be
handled by in-text references (MLA, APA, Chicago sciences styles) or by the use
of footnotes (Chicago humanities style), or by the use of endnotes (Turabian
style). Individual journals will specify their own requirements for
documentation. The sources are often
referenced in an alphabetically or numerically arranged bibliography located at
the end of the article. Format of the bibliography will vary depending on the
documentation style used by the journal.
Journal articles are generally fairly
lengthy, often consisting of a dozen or more pages. Some journals also publish
book reviews. Articles that result from research studies will often include
statistical data gathered during the course of the studies. These data are
often presented in charts, graphs and tables.
Journals typically gather and publish
research on a very specific area, like genetics, microbiology, epidemiology,
criminology, history, statistics, etc.
Journals normally make use of volume and
issue numbering to help identify individual issues in their series.
References
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2528624/
https://ucsd.libguides.com/c.php?g=704382&p=5000890
https://beckerguides.wustl.edu/authors/hindex
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4150161/
https://clarivate.com/webofsciencegroup/essays/concept-citation-indexing/
https://www.ou.edu/webhelp/librarydemos/isi/
https://innspub.net/innspub-manuscript-preparation/
https://www.ox.ac.uk/students/academic/guidance/skills/plagiarism
https://www.plagiarism.org/article/what-is-plagiarism
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335319583_Plagiarism_Detection_Software_an_Overview
https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/conference-papers/
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